For years, Guilford County’s Republican-controlled Board of Commissioners kept the county’s savings account well above the county’s own financial safety policy without raising the countywide property tax rate.

Then Democrats took control of the board in December of 2020.

Since then, Guilford County’s budgets have grown dramatically, county commissioners have approved two major property tax increases – and the county’s most flexible savings account has fallen below the minimum level set out in the Guilford County’s own financial policy.

The county didn’t just spend down its savings. It spent down its savings while the budget kept growing, pushing the reserve from comfortably above the county’s 8 percent floor to below it, where it now sits.

Guilford County’s Budget & Financial Policies & Guidelines section states: “Unassigned fund balance of the General Fund at fiscal year-end shall not fall below 8 percent of the subsequent year’s adopted budget.”

The county manager’s 2026-2027 recommended budget also noted that the county has “historically sought to maintain 8 percent of unassigned fund balance based on the subsequent year budget.”

But the county’s own budget book shows that Guilford County has now fallen below that level.

Here’s the recent trend, using the county’s own numbers:

Fiscal Year End — Unassigned General Fund Balance — Unassigned As Percent Of Subsequent Budget

2021-2022 — $96,232,936 — 12 percent

2022-2023 — $102,103,823 — 12 percent

2023-2024 — $70,589,618 — 8 percent

2024-2025 — $58,185,646 — 7 percent

That means the county’s unassigned reserve fell by roughly $44 million in two years.

The decline is even more striking because the county budget kept growing during that same period. A $58 million reserve may sound like a lot of money, but in a county budget approaching $900 million, it no longer meets the county’s own minimum policy.

The fiscal 2020-2021 budget – the budget year that ended with the county’s reserve near $97 million – was adopted by the Republican-controlled board before Democrats took control in December of 2020.

The first budget adopted by the Democratic-controlled board was the fiscal 2021-2022 budget. Guilford County government’s savings remained strong for the next couple of years and reached roughly $102 million in fiscal 2023.  That was after the Democrats allowed the largest tax increase in county history due to the 2022 revaluation.

Then the decline began.

By fiscal 2024, unassigned fund balance had fallen to about $70.6 million. By fiscal 2025, it had fallen again to about $58.2 million.

At the same time, the county’s overall General Fund budget was growing.

After the 2022 countywide revaluation, commissioners declined to lower the property tax rate to the revenue-neutral rate. At the time, the revenue-neutral rate was about 59.54 cents, but commissioners kept the rate at 73.05 cents.

That decision generated about $92 million a year in additional recurring property tax revenue.

Despite that new massive recurring money stream, the county’s most flexible savings account kept shrinking.

This year, commissioners adopted another tax increase.

After state legislation forced Guilford County to use old property values rather than the new 2026 revaluation values, the county commissioners adopted a fiscal 2026-2027 countywide tax rate of 78.95 cents per $100 of assessed value – a 5.9-cent increase from the previous rate of 73.05 cents.

County budget documents show that the increase is expected to generate about $44.28 million in additional revenue annually.

The final adopted General Fund budget is $889.2 million.

The actual reserve percentage for the newly adopted fiscal 2026-2027 budget won’t be known until the fiscal 2026 audit is completed. However, if the most recent audited unassigned reserve of $58.2 million is measured against the new $889.2 million General Fund budget, it would equal about 6.5 percent.

That’s not an official audited figure. It’s simply a way to show the size of the problem: As the budget grows, the county needs more money in savings just to stay at the same percentage.

Eight percent of the new $889.2 million General Fund budget would be about $71.1 million. Using the most recent audited reserve figure, the county would be roughly $13 million short of the level called for by its own policy.

The adopted budget also appropriates $20.6 million from fund balance.

The county entered this budget cycle already below the reserve level described in its own financial policies.

Chairman of the Guilford County Board of Commissioners Skip Alston has said repeatedly that the county needs more money because of growth, schools, debt service, county facilities and infrastructure demands.

Alston said Guilford County has to begin planning for tens of thousands of new jobs and new people expected to arrive in the area.

“I just want to make sure that we try to get us started on this infrastructure,” Alston said during the budget discussions. “We have to be able to start the process of planning for these 25,000 jobs.”

After the budget was adopted, Alston said the county commissioners worked to keep the tax increase below 6 cents.

“We’d always said we didn’t want to put any more on the taxpayers than we had to,” Alston said. “We tightened our belt and the school system will have to tighten their belt. Just because you can raise taxes doesn’t mean you should raise taxes.”

But property owners will pay a higher countywide rate again this year.

County officials argue that the pressures are school debt, rapid growth, employee pay, public safety, inflation and the cost of maintaining county services.

Critics will likely argue that the answer is simpler: The Guilford County Board of Commissioners has been spending too much.

Either way, the numbers are hard to ignore.

Republicans left office five years ago with the county’s reserve comfortably above the county’s 8 percent policy and without ever having raised the countywide property tax rate in their eight years in control. In fact, they lowered taxes slightly.

During the Democratic board’s tenure, commissioners approved the effective tax increase following the 2022 revaluation, adopted another countywide tax increase in 2026 all while spending down the county’s unassigned reserve – it’s savings – and seeing it fall below the county’s own financial policy.

The Democratic heavy board didn’t just spend down its savings – it spent down its savings while the budget kept growing, pushing the reserve from well above the county’s 8 percent floor to below it.

Now, after approving two major property tax increases in four years, Guilford County leaders are trying to find some way to rebuild the very reserve its own financial policy says should never have fallen below 8 percent

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