According to a new poll out of Elon University, Americans, for the most part, expect to see short-term economic pain due to the new US tariffs that President Donald Trump imposed on Canada, Mexico and China.

The survey, which was conducted in early February – before Trump’s tariffs actually went into effect –  also found that Americans, especially Republicans, have some hope for positive long-term outcomes for the economy thanks to the tariffs.

“A substantial majority of Americans anticipate rising costs due to import tariffs,” a summary of the national poll reads.  “More than 80 percent of respondents said they believe tariffs will lead to increased prices, with 45 percent expecting significant hikes.”

The impact on small businesses is a major concern, since 50 percent of respondents expect negative consequences, while only 19 percent expect a positive impact.

While 93 percent of Democrats and 79 percent of Independents anticipate that tariffs will lead to more inflation, 19 percent of Republicans expect the trade war to cause significant price increases, while 50 percent of Republicans expect to see “moderate” price increases.

Jason Husser, director of the Elon University Poll and the assistant provost for academic excellence and integrity at the university, summed up the results.

“The impacts of tariffs on financial markets were foreshadowed in our survey of Americans,” he said. “We found signs of apprehension about tariffs among most Americans, even those supportive of President Trump overall. Many leaders are now wondering how long tariffs might last. The answer, in part, will likely be driven by how much patience voters in the Republican coalition have with the tradeoff between the economic effects of tariffs and President Trump’s intended political effects for issues like border security.”

According to the national survey by the university, about two-thirds of Americans said they expect US producers will suffer due to higher costs from imported goods.

Just under 70 percent said US exporters will suffer because of retaliatory tariffs imposed by other countries.

Some buy into Trump’s arguments that, in the long term, tariffs will bring more business back to American soil.

In the longer term, with higher tariffs, 48 percent expect manufacturers to move production facilities to the United States – and half of those polled say America will eventually become less reliant on foreign imports.

As prices of foreign-produced goods become more expensive under tariffs, 46 percent believe US producers will benefit because their prices will be more competitive.

There is, of course, a big difference in how members of the two major political parties view the situation.

“There is a sharp partisan divide about those positive outcomes, with 79 percent of Republicans expecting that manufacturers will shift their production to the United States, while only 28 percent of Democrats and 22 percent of Independents expect that to happen,” a summary of the poll result’s state.

A large number of Republicans polled, 80 percent, believe the tariffs will make the US less reliant on foreign imports, while just 29 percent of Democrats and 38 percent of Independents think that’s a likely outcome.

As for views on job creation, 76 percent of Republicans expect the higher tariffs will lead to more jobs in the U.S. while 22 percent of Democrats and 31 percent of Independents expect the tariffs will result in more US jobs.